Reversing older brain stem cells to a younger healthier state – in rats – Innovation Toronto
Aged rat brain stem cells grown on a soft surface (right) show more healthy, vigorous growth than similar aged brain stem cells grown on a stiff surface (left). The red marker shows brain stem cells, and the green marker indicates cell proliferation. Credit: Mikey Segel
New research reveals how increasing brain stiffness as we age causes brain stem cell dysfunction, and demonstrates new ways to reverse older stem cells to a younger, healthier state.
…when the old brain cells were grown on the soft material, they began to function like young cells – in other words, they were rejuvenated
Kevin Chalut
The results, published today in Nature, have far-reaching implications for how we understand the ageing process, and how we might develop much-needed treatments for age-related brain diseases.
As our bodies age, our muscles and joints can become stiff, making everyday movements more difficult. This study shows the same is true in our brains, and that age-related brain stiffening has a significant impact on the function of brain stem cells.
A multi-disciplinary research team, based at the Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute at the University of Cambridge, studied young and old rat brains to understand the impact of age-related brain stiffening on the function of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). These cells are a type of brain stem cell important for maintaining normal brain function, and for the regeneration of myelin – the fatty sheath that surrounds our nerves, which is damaged in multiple sclerosis (MS). The effects of age on these cells contributes to MS, but their function also declines with age in healthy people.
To determine whether the loss of function in aged OPCs was reversible, the researchers transplanted older OPCs from aged rats into the soft, spongy brains of younger animals. Remarkably, the older brain cells were rejuvenated, and began to behave like the younger, more vigorous cells.
To study this further, the researchers developed new materials in the lab with varying degrees of stiffness, and used these to grow and study the rat brain stem cells in a controlled environment. The materials were engineered to have a similar softness to either young or old brains.
To fully understand how brain softness and stiffness influences cell behavior, the researchers investigated Piezo1 – a protein found on the cell surface, which informs the cell whether the surrounding environment is soft or stiff.
Dr Kevin Chalut, who co-led the research, said: “We were fascinated to see that when we grew young, functioning rat brain stem cells on the stiff material, the cells became dysfunctional and lost their ability to regenerate, and in fact began to function like aged cells. What was especially interesting, however, was that when the old brain cells were grown on the soft material, they began to function like young cells – in other words, they were rejuvenated.”
“When we removed Piezo1 from the surface of aged brain stem cells, we were able to trick the cells into perceiving a soft surrounding environment, even when they were growing on the stiff material,” explained Professor Robin Franklin, who co-led the research with Dr Chalut. “What’s more, we were able to delete Piezo1 in the OPCs within the aged rat brains, which lead to the cells becoming rejuvenated and once again able to assume their normal regenerative function.”
Learn more: Cambridge scientists reverse ageing process in rat brain stem cells
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… brain cells were rejuvenated and began to behave like the younger, more vigorous cells. The researchers developed new materials in the lab with varying degrees of stiffness and used these to grow …
The study shows how older stem cells can be reverted to a younger and healthier … When living in the younger brains, the older OP cells were rejuvenated and functioned like younger cells.
The study shows how older stem cells can be reverted to a younger and healthier … When living in the younger brains, the older OP cells were rejuvenated and functioned like younger cells.
The older brain cells were rejuvenated and began to behave like the younger cells. The team then developed new materials in the lab with varying degrees of stiffness and used them to grow rat brain …
The older brain cells were rejuvenated and began to behave like the younger cells. The team then developed new materials in the lab with varying degrees of stiffness and used them to grow rat brain …
…when the old brain cells were grown on the soft material, they began to function like young cells – in other words, they were rejuvenated …
…when the old brain cells were grown on the soft material, they began to function like young cells – in other words, they were rejuvenated …
and demonstrates new ways to reverse older stem cells to a younger, healthier state. …when the old brain cells were grown on the soft material, they began to function like young cells – in other words …
and demonstrates new ways to reverse older stem cells to a younger, healthier state. …when the old brain cells were grown on the soft material, they began to function like young cells – in other words …
Just like bones it ‘creaks’ as we get older – impairing the function of stem cells that generate neurons. Using the brains of rodents, lab tests showed they could be rejuvenated by focusing on …
Just like bones it ‘creaks’ as we get older – impairing the function of stem cells that generate neurons. Using the brains of rodents, lab tests showed they could be rejuvenated by focusing on …
they began to function like young cells – in other words, they were rejuvenated Dr Kevin Chalut, who co-led the research, said: “We were fascinated to see that when we grew young, functioning rat …
they began to function like young cells – in other words, they were rejuvenated Dr Kevin Chalut, who co-led the research, said: “We were fascinated to see that when we grew young, functioning rat …
they began to function like young cells—in other words, they were rejuvenated.” “When we removed Piezo1 from the surface of aged brain stem cells, we were able to trick the cells into perceiving …
they began to function like young cells—in other words, they were rejuvenated.” “When we removed Piezo1 from the surface of aged brain stem cells, we were able to trick the cells into perceiving …
Just like bones it ‘creaks’ as we get older – impairing the function of stem cells that generate neurons. Using the brains of rodents, lab tests showed they could be rejuvenated by focusing on …
Just like bones it ‘creaks’ as we get older – impairing the function of stem cells that generate neurons. Using the brains of rodents, lab tests showed they could be rejuvenated by focusing on …
Stem cells are basic cells with the ability to differentiate … The team were surprised to find the older brain cells rejuvenated and began to behave like the younger, more vigorous cells. In a …
Stem cells are basic cells with the ability to differentiate … The team were surprised to find the older brain cells rejuvenated and began to behave like the younger, more vigorous cells. In a …
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